Scheduling Work Tasks with Planning and Scheduling Optimization (PSO)

This description is divided into the following sections:

What is Scheduling Engine?
The Integration between Planning and Scheduling Optimization and IFS Cloud
Functional Dependencies
Scheduling Concepts
Data Setup in IFS Cloud
Scheduling Work Task Activities with Planning and Scheduling Optimization

What is Planning and Scheduling Optimization (PSO)?

PSO is a scalable optimization framework which enables advanced scheduling of resources and activities.

The Integration between Planning and Scheduling Optimization and IFS Cloud

The integration of Scheduling with IFS Cloud provides functionality for scheduling work tasks / request tasks to person and crew resources in order to:

Handle resource optimization
Reduce travel
Automate the scheduling and dispatch process

Resources and activities (work task / request task - resource demands) are sent from IFS Cloud to the Scheduling engine where they are scheduled. The scheduling is based on the following:

Resource availability
Resource and activity location
Travel calculations
Soft and hard constraints
Activity SLA (Service Level Agreement) and the Activity base value

Once scheduled, an allocation plan is returned to IFS Cloud and work assignments for the work task / request task can be created through any of the following methods:

Manual assignment from IFS Cloud.
Manual assignment from the PSO Scheduling Workbench, which is the web based interface for PSO.
Automatic assignment from the Schedule Dispatch Service (DSP).

Note: In the Scheduling Workbench, access to view resources and activities is restricted by Object Groups. In the integration, an object group is equal to a site in IFS Cloud. This means that in order for a Scheduling Workbench user to be able to view information like resources and activities belonging to a particular site, the user must be connected to the corresponding object group in the Scheduling Workbench (Workspace - Administration). The object groups for activities and resources are transferred automatically from IFS Cloud to Scheduling engine, but object groups for the users must be set up and granted to the users manually from the Scheduling Workbench (Workspace - Administration). In order for a user to be able to view a dataset, the user must also be granted to the dataset itself. This also can be done manually in the Scheduling Workbench.

It’s possible to schedule crew resources to crew demand-type tasks using the scheduling engine. Crew resources and demand types can be created on the IFS cloud side and integrated into DSE. With the integration crew members are visualized in the scheduling workbench with their validity period.

Functional Dependencies

The following IFS Cloud components must be installed in order to use the Scheduling integration:

IFS Human Resources

Scheduling Concepts

A company is the largest schedulable unit and a site the smallest schedulable unit
A scheduling resource equals a person or crew resource in IFS Cloud.
A scheduling activity equals the resource demands on the work task in IFS Cloud
Scheduling engine schedules one resource to one activity
The supported process types are Static (one time), Dynamic (continuous scheduling), Appointment (For Appointment booking), Distributed (For Capacity Planning) and Manual.
Scheduling is always performed based on the start date of an activity

Data Setup in IFS Cloud

Employees

In order for resources to be available in the Scheduling engine, the following data must be defined (Also see Maintenance Resource Setup)

The employee must be set up in IFS Human Resources. This employee should belong to the company that is to be scheduled and be employed within the scheduling period.
The employee must be assigned to a valid maintenance organization and resource group in IFS Cloud.
Valid geo-coordinates (using map positions) must be connected to the employee's person address or to the company address on the maintenance organization. For the crew resources map positions can be connected from company address or locations address attached to scheduling resource start and end locations.
For following steps for the Resource setup in IFS Cloud see Maintenance Resource Setup

Note that the resource's allocations, such as, absences, training allocations, project allocations, breaks and lunches will be transferred for scheduling to scheduling.

Resource and Employee, Basic Data

The scheduling resource types which are used within a company must be defined and are Scheduling intergration specific data. Each resource type can be set up with information on the start and end locations for a work shift, maximum travel hours and costs such as scheduling cost per hour and scheduling cost per overtime hour.

If a resource is to be scheduled by the Planning and Scheduling Optimization, this resource must be set up as a scheduling resource and valid scheduling data must be entered for this resource. If scheduling data is not defined for a scheduling resource it will inherit the data from the connected scheduling resource type, for example, the start and end locations of a scheduling resource type's work shift and scheduling costs will be assigned to the scheduling resource. For the start and end locations the geo-coordinates of the map positions will also be transferred to Scheduling engine. The skills of a resource will also get transferred to Scheduling engine. The skills can be any of the following:

Resource Groups that the resource belongs to will be transferred as a resource skill along with a skill proficiency if a proficiency has been defined on the Resource Group.
(A proficiency can increase or decrease the execution time of the work order depending on whether the resource has a high or a low proficiency. If several resource groups with different proficiencies are set on the Activity the lowest proficiency will always be used).
Certificates for the HR employee associated with the resource will be transferred as resource skills. Proficiencies are not available for certificates.
Competencies for the HR employee associated with the resource will be transferred as resource skills If it’s enabled from the scheduling configuration. Proficiencies are not available for competencies.
For both certificate & competencies, skill hierarchy can be enabled on the Scheduling Configuration page. by default, it's set to No. Enabling this parameter allows for sending competencies and certificates for DSE with considering the hierarchical order of levels & level points of relative skill.
Sites accessible by the user and associated with the maintenance organization of the resource will be transferred as resource skills. Proficiencies are not available for sites.

The scheduling data for a resource can be changed at any time, updates will be transferred to Scheduling engine through incremental updates. Generate Schedules and Capacity on the Resource Availability should be run before sending a Scheduling data load in order to transfer the Shift and Break related data.

Activity - Work Task / Request Task, Basic Data

Scheduling activity types should be defined. A scheduling activity type is defined with a connection to work types. The following scheduling information can be defined per activity type:

A scheduling value per hour. This value will be used in the activity base value calculation, i.e., the base value per hour will be multiplied by the duration on the work task / request task and weightings to set the base value for the activity. Note: If the base value is set to zero, work tasks using the work type will not be scheduled by Scheduling engine.
There is also a possibility to define an Initial Base Value for the activity types. This will be the initial base value for a work task / request task activity. If this is provided, this value will be added to set the base value for the activity, calculated as ((Initial Base Value + (Base Value per Hour)) multiplied by the activity duration) multiplied by any relevant weightings. The Initial Base Value is optional to define for an activity type.
The duration in hours for the default primary scheduling type and/or default secondary scheduling type for the work tasks / request task defined with the work type. If a work task is missing the primary or secondary scheduling type, the default primary or secondary scheduling type which is defined per dataset will be assigned to the work task. For such work orders, or when the scheduling type duration cannot be calculated from the current work task dates, the duration entered for the default primary scheduling type or the default secondary scheduling type will be used to calculate the duration of the primary or secondary scheduling SLA window.

Weight criteria and weighting values should be defined. Weight criteria can be set up for the priority of the work task and the criticality of the actual equipment object that is connected to the work task. Weight criteria can also be set up for service contract types and will have an effect on the work tasks that are connected to service contracts. For each weight criteria define the weighting values that will be used as an input for activity base value calculations.

Appointment values need to be defined and will be used to calculate the base value for activities that are managed as appointments. The base value for an appointment activity, e.g. a work task / request task, is calculated by multiplying the base value for the appointment by the work task / request task activity duration and weightings.

Scheduling Type

Scheduling types should be set up with values, such as, the start and end proportions and curve shape, that will be used as an input when calculating scheduling SLAs in the Scheduling Engine. The scheduling SLA is used to calculate the urgency of an activity. Scheduling types are used when scheduling breaks and activities. Scheduling types when combined with the base value is used to determine the scheduling behavior of a break or an activity.

Predictive Durations

The option Adjust Duration enables an archiving service to automatically adjust the duration based on historical average durations. The archiving service calculates durations from completed tasks of the same dataset, activity type and location. The calculated duration is then used when the Adjust Duration option is enabled on tasks of the same dataset, location and work type. The Adjust Duration option is found in the Work Task page. The duration field is found on tasks in the Scheduling Information/Allocations tab. The value Yes or No in the field Adjusted Duration indicates if the value has been adjusted or not. The setting of the Adjust Duration can also be copied from the selected work type. Refer to Scheduling Activity Type page where the option Adjust Duration can be toggled On or Off. The setting will then be copied when the work type is added on a task.

These are the main steps:

Create timetables in scheduling engine. Refer to Archive/Timetables page.
Configure timetables usage in scheduling engine. Refer to Archive/Timetable Usages page.
Monitor snapshots being created in scheduling engine. Refer to Archive/Snapshots page.
Complete tasks and where they share the same dataset, location and work type.
The archiving service in scheduling engine will now process the scheduling data and generate reporting data. Over time snapshots are being created and archiving service performs analysis of generated reporting data.
Enable the option Adjust Duration on tasks in IFS Cloud.
Open the Scheduling Information/Allocations tab in IFS Cloud and monitor how the adjusted duration is shown as Yes on allocated records, which indicates that the value for the duration has been adjusted based on historical average durations.

Technical details about archiving service and examples of how to setup timetables are found the scheduling engine documentation. Refer to the PDF document Schedule Archive Guide and the section Predictive Durations.

Datasets

Datasets are used to transfer data to PSO. A dataset contains information about how data should be scheduled and the time horizon for the scheduling problem, as well as in what time zone the data is to be scheduled.

The time horizon for which the data should be transferred and scheduled is the number of days specified in Scheduling Work Days and Appointment Work Days according to the connected calendar. For instance, if the number of days is set to 5 in the Scheduling Work Days and 30 in the Appointment Work Days, the data that should be scheduled per company or site for the given time interval (5 days + 30 days) will be transferred and scheduled by the DSE. 5 days will be optimized using the scheduling algorithm and the 30 days will be optimized by using the appointment algorithm. The following is a list of the data transferred in an active dataset:

Scheduling Resources
Schedules and work shifts for the resource
Work task activities
Scheduling basic data, e.g., scheduling resource, resource type, scheduling SLA (service level agreement), scheduling types

The time zone for each scheduling dataset can also be defined. The time zone defined on the dataset is the time where the data is to be scheduled in. An example would be the case of having one central installation for IFS Cloud but work is carried out by service technicians in different time zone regions. Each time zone region could then have a separate scheduling dataset with its specific time zone.

Default values for a work task / request task can be entered on the dataset. If a work task / request task is missing any of the required data, such as, the primary scheduling type or the activity type, the default values from the dataset will be assigned to the work task / request task. It is possible to set the lowest status from which work tasks in the dataset can be transferred for scheduling. The default values for HR activities should also be entered per dataset and will be used as an input when scheduling the break activities.

Send Full Load

This command is used to transfer all scheduling related data to PSO. Once sent, a background job will be posted. View Background Job on the page can be used to view the status of the Background Job.

Send Changes

This command is used to transfer data changes to Scheduling engine. Once sent a background job will be posted. View Background Job on the page can be used to view the status of the Background Job.

Activate Dataset/Deactivate Dataset

This is used to activate or deactivate an entire Dataset in Scheduling engine.

Scheduling Configuration Parameters for Work Task Scheduling

For more information on the scheduling parameters related to the Scheduling engine Integration please refer to the activity Define Scheduling Configuration

Schedule Work Tasks with Planning and Scheduling Optimization

In order to schedule activities for a work task / request task, the task must be set to the transfer status or a higher status (where the transfer status is set per dataset in Scheduling Dataset/Work Task). Before setting the work task to this status however you need to make sure that all information required by the Scheduling engine is present in the work task. This also includes that Resource Demands must be specified for the work task / request task. Each resource demand equates to an activity in Scheduling engine.

Note: To view information about scheduling of linked activities see: About Linked Activities in Scheduling Engine

Once the activity/activities for a work task are transferred to Scheduling engine are scheduled, an allocation plan with the current scheduling status, resource assignment and activity start and finish dates is returned to IFS Cloud.

The work task / request task activities will be scheduled based on resource skills, cost of scheduling the resource, the preferred resource for the work, the location of the resource and activity, the importance (value) of the activity and the urgency (scheduling SLA) on the activity.

In order for a work task activity to be allocated to a resource, the skills of the resource will have to match the skills required by the activity.

The Resource Groups that the resource belongs to will have to match resource groups demanded for the work task / request task.
(A proficiency can increase or decrease the execution time of the work task activity depending on whether the resource has a high or a low proficiency.)
Certificates & Competencies for the HR employee associated with the resource will have to match the certificates & competencies defined in work task/resource demands additional qualifications.